DIGITAL / WEB | |
|---|---|
| 1st ebook = retyped declaration of independence, sent by email with download instructions | |
| - Late 2000s - emergence of e-readers (Amazon, Sony, Barnes&Noble)
→ Kindle digitises long-form reading, uses its own proprietary format (.AZW) + Quick acquisition of books - can’t be compared to paper books when learning (taking notes, highlights, annotations) → iPad - books & magazines are regarded as equal to videos and music in terms of digital media consumption -integration of extra content within traditional forms (audio, video) - a digital publication is a hybrid object (an expansion of the old medium) - Resurgence of the classic paperback aesthetic (example - Wikipedia) + stripping webpages of the design, using only re-formatted plain text | |
| Newspapers - 1936 - condensed newspaper sent through radio waves and printed using a special printer (even New York Times uses it later) - 2009 - Sharp corporations offer Japanese buyers of its TV the possibility to read a newspaper on the TV screen (& even listen to articles using text-to-speech) - Late 2000s - transforming web publications (blogs) to print | |
| Reflowability → EPUB - open source standard →2007 - mobile phone novels → simplification of the old medium (rendering content as ‘naked’) + optimising text content for different devices - loss of formatting and layout | |
| Delivering content → by CD-ROM in the early 90s - Slowness → webzines (evolve into blogs) → PDF is established as the mutual interface between web & print - not interactive - Does not exploit the possibilities of digital media + always the same on all devices (is a standard) → digital magazine subscriptions (allow for easier piracy/distribution) + searchable text | |
| Libraries - 1928 - El Lissitzky describes a vision of electronic libraries - 1960s - use of microfilm - 2002 - Bookmobile - physically spreading electronic text by utilising print-on-demand | |
| - Widespread digital publications can be used as a means to boost physical sales | PRINT BECOMES A LIMITED EDITION OBJECT → printed books might become rare and therefore more valuable → Because of smaller editions → utilising more novel techniques & methods + Print creates a precious object, something to preserve |
| BLOGS + low production cost, can be read for free + Cheap distribution + Can be edited / corrected - depends on access to the internet & electricity + Searchable → backlit medium → only sense of sight → shorter entries, possibly reader comments + real-time production model + instantaneous + no publishing schedule needed + Regular & frequent updates can be made → not really meant to be printed (but can be if need be) + quickly find out if it’s been referenced elsewhere online | PRINT - higher production costs - Paid for by distributors (publishers) - Can’t be changed after it’s been printed + always available - not searchable → external light source → all senses are involved except taste → usually for longer texts → production period - refers only to events before the publication → follows a publishing schedule + if needed, can be converted into a blog format - extremely time consuming to find out if the text has been referenced in other print media |
| Relies on print’s established understanding of layout and content management | Can benefit from atomisation of content, indexing and search capabilities of digital publishing |